Gel Hydrogels Used as Scaffolding in Construction - 986 Words

Gel hydrogels can be considered as promising materials to be used as scaffold in tissue engineering since they present a load-bearing capacity and suitable mechanical properties.6 Almost all the measurements on the mechanical properties of hydrogel materials have used true stress-true strain or engineering stress-engineering strain definitions on the grounds of hydrogel incompressibility.26 However, there is no agreement as to which stress-strain definition should be adopted to determine the mechanical behavior of hydrogel materials in a compressive testing machine. Hydrogels are known to exhibit elastic behavior,27 hence, the elastic modulus, maximum stress and strain of Gel hydrogels are investigated. The stress-strain definition may substantially affect the measured mechanical properties, including elastic modulus, maximum stress and strain. A Gel hydrogel is illustrated in Figure 1. A cylindrical chamber was used to form a suitable shape for the samples. Samples were set on the l ower plate of the testing machine and compressed by the upper plate which was connected to a load cell until failure. Figure 2 shows various stress-strain curves using four definitions for strain (engineering strain, Green-St. Venant strain, Almansi-Hamel strain, and true strain) and three definitions for stress (second Piola-Kirchhoff stress, engineering stress, and true stress). This figure shows that the way in which stress-strain is defined has a profound effect on the stress-strainShow MoreRelatedA Simplistic, Cost Efficient Method Of Creating Artificial Vascular Structures Essay2063 Words   |  9 Pagesresearch and its use. Currently, a major issue facing the transplanting of vascular systems is the incapability of the recipient’s cells to accept the foreign systems into use. However, this issue is not of concern when Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) is used as this polymer has the ability to order itself in order to make hydrogen bonds with the water molecules in which it is submerged, once inside the cell. By heating up the polymer it can be determined that the negative entropy dominates due to the temperature

Evaluation Of The Elementary English Language Learners And...

Assessments are important tools that educators use for a variety of reasons. The basic use of assessments is for measuring the student’s knowledge. For English Language Learners and special education students, assessments are generally used for placement. Using the results from the evaluations, educators use their findings to place the students in the most beneficial class for them. As more ELL students enter the classroom as well as other diverse scholars, the importance of having knowledge of different assessments and teaching strategies becomes imperative and basically mandatory. When entering the kindergarten English Language Learners classroom at Sprout State School of the Arts, the head teacher was able to give inciteful information in regards to the many educational questions that were asked concerning the different facets of education in the classroom. Through a lengthy interview with the teacher, information was gained concerning indicators of exceptionality in ELL st udents, information pertaining to the use of formal and informal assessments in placement, the role of parents and teachers in placement, as well as underachievement factors that may not need special education needs, justification for changes in proficiency levels, the integration of assessment types and the benefits of the SIOP protocol for all learners. When in the kindergarten English Language Learner classroom, the educator answered many questions pertaining to English Language Learners and theShow MoreRelatedThe English Language Learner Is Defined By The Individuals With Disabilities Education Act1445 Words   |  6 Pages An English language learner is defined as someone who â€Å"has sufficient difficulty speaking, reading, writing, or understanding the English language and whose difficulties may deny such individual the opportunity to learn successfully in classrooms where the language of instruction is in English† (Ortiz, Woika, 2013, p. 2). As defined by the Indivi duals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), a child with a disability has â€Å"mental retardation, hearing impairments (including deafness), speech or languageRead MoreLegislations for English Language Learners787 Words   |  3 PagesEnglish language acquisition (Massachusetts Department of Education, 2003). In the program, all books and nearly all teaching would be in English, with the curriculum designed for children learning English. Schools are encouraged to group students by English proficiency. Once a student is able to do regular schoolwork in English, the student would be transferred to an English language mainstream classroom. Long before Question 2, federal laws have impacted the education of English language learnersRead MoreEssay about Placing English Language Learners in Special Education1182 Words   |  5 PagesWhen do English language learners need to be placed in special education? In the United States, there has been an increase in in the number of children from Spanish speaking backgrounds. The English Language Learners, commonly known as ELL’s, are being placed in Special Education without being properly tested for a learning disability. However there are a large number of ELL’s with learning disabilities in elementary grades that truly have a learning disability and are over looked. Many schoolRead MoreThe Fastest Growing Subgroup Of The Nation Are English Language Learners1659 Words   |  7 PagesThe fastest growing subgroup in the nation are English Language Learners (ELLs). Over a period of 10 years, from 1995 to 2005, ELL students grew over 60% (Wolf, Herman, Bachman, Bailey, Griffin, 2008). Since 1980, the number of residents aged five years and older that speak a language other than English at home has more than doubled. Fewer than half of these residents are proficient in English. Utah is showing similar trends in population as it is growing more ethnically and racially diverseRead MoreBuilding A Pathway Of Optimal Support For English Language Learners Essay1342 Words   |  6 Pages1. Give an overview/summary of the article. (make sure to include special education and assessment information) The article that I chose to read was Building a Pathway of Optimal Support for English Language Learners in Special Education. The article looks at the outcomes for students who are English language learners as it relates to special education and/or their educational outcomes in the school environment. I think that this paragraph really pulls together the importance of working to beRead MoreWhy Do English-Language Learners Struggle?987 Words   |  4 PagesThere can be several different reasons why an English Language Learner can have troubles comprehending the English language. Poverty can play a huge role when in explaining why many English language learners have the troubles in mastering the English language. The State testing has varied throughout the years, along with the degrees of assessments and progress. Teachers also need constructive feedback to properly assess their own progress. The increase prescription of ADHD medication can also beRead MoreDistinguishing Between A Learning Disability And Language Acquisition2085 Words   |  9 PagesDistinguishing Between a Learning Disability and Language Acquisition in English Language Learners One of the biggest errors made in schooling today is placing a student who is an English Language Learner into special education because of errors made in interpreting language acquisition as a learning or language disability. There has been no single method that has proven to be fully effective when distinguishing between English language learning students and students with a learning disability. AsRead MoreMinority Groups And The Minority Group Within Special Education1698 Words   |  7 PagesDisproportionality refers to the overrepresentation or underrepresentation of a minority group within special education programs and services. The disproportionate representation of minority students in special education has been an ongoing and significant matter in education for decades. More and more minority children are being identified as disabled or having an intellectual disability or learning disability. However, in most cases the children are being misdiagnosed and consequently, are beingRead MoreDescriptive Framework1096 Words   |  5 PagesDescriptive Framework The virtual organization that I selected for the Organizational Communication Analysis is Kelsey Elementary School. As a mother of a fifth grader, I am always interested in the communication efforts associated with elementary schools. In the past, school administrators and teachers were only able to communicate in person, through written correspondence, or by telephone. The technological advancements of the 21st century provide school faculty with the opportunity to connectRead MoreAn Evaluation Of Intervention ( Rti ) Is A Form Of Help For General Education Essay769 Words   |  4 PagesResponse to Intervention (RTI) is a form of help for general education teachers to identify early signs of learning issues to determine which students may need special education services. The Federal law requires documentation of a student’s intervention, before students are eligible for special education services. Also, it is useful for a student’s Individual Education Program (IEP) r ecords, because after interventions the school can document which types of services and support a student needs,

Cardiovascular Diseases Pathophysiology

Question: Describe about the Cardiovascular Diseases? Answer: Cardiovascular diseases are one of the most prevalent diseases in human. There are many causes of cardiovascular diseases including the genetic causes, high blood pressure and cholesterol. The genetic factor is associated with increased risk of developing the disease. There are two main ways to detect the involvement of genetic factor in the cardiovascular diseases that include checking the family history of the patient and genetic test. Mutation of the gene is the major cause of the genetic disease that can be inherited. A family history of the disease makes the person more susceptible to the development of the disease. So, in case of inherited cardiovascular disease; the physician recommends the modification of lifestyle in order to control the disease. As per the opinion of Baker (1997), cardiovascular disease can be associated with one or multiple gene. Another factor that contributes the development of the inherited disease is the nature of the associated gene i.e. whether the gene is recessive or dominant (Your gene your choices, ch:2, p-19). In case of dominant nature of the disease the risk is very high and in case of recessive gene the risk decreases many folds. Another associated factor is the strength of the gene, which indicates that increased risk is associated with strong expression of the gene (Your gene your choices, ch:3, p-30). As in case of the inherited cardiovascular disease the development of the disease is unavoidable, it is suggested to consider the lifestyle factors that increase the risk of the disease such as alcohol consumption, smoking, physical inactivity and intake of high calorie foods. According to World Heart Federation, tobacco kills about 6 million people every year and about 10% of all cardiovascular diseases are due to smoking (World-heart-federation.org, 2015). According to a study carried out by Abid, Tounsi, Kharrat, Sahnoun Kammoun (2013), the risk of cardiovascular diseases increases by 5 folds in case of younger smokers aged below 50 years. Even the passive smokers have 25- 30% increased risk of having cardiovascular diseases. References: A Report of the Surgeon General, (2015). A Report of the Surgeon General How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease (pp. 10-11). USA: 2010. Baker, C. (1997). Your genes, your choices. Washington: American Association for the Advancement of Science. Abid, L., Tounsi, A., Kharrat, I., Sahnoun, M., Kammoun, S. (2013). 043: Promoting smoking cessation during hospitalization for coronary artery disease. Archives Of Cardiovascular Diseases Supplements, 5(1), 15. doi:10.1016/s1878-6480(13)70973-x World-heart-federation.org, (2015). Tobacco: the totally avoidable risk factor of cardiovascular disease | World Heart Federation. Retrieved 12 June 2015, from https://www.world-heart-federation.org/press/fact-sheets/tobacco-totally-avoidable-risk-factor-of-cvd/